Tribal Area Development UPSC / 70% Economic Travelling

Introduction of Tribal Area Development UPSC

A Tribal become Scheduled Tribal only when it is notified as a Scheduled tribe under Articles 342 of the constitution of India. There is no doubt that tribes are backward and exploited more when compared to other ethnic groups of our country. There are fewer means of communication in tribal areas, lack of proper drinking water, illiteracy, inadequate medical facilities are some of the major problems. Tribal development efforts were established during the British rule 

But, our Indian Government tried tribal area development UPSC for 70% of traveling of tribal areas. tribal area 

Dr. Devath Suresh has pointed out it. The Dawn Journal of 2014. after independence, a secular constitution was adopted to govern the country. Seven constitutional provisions were made for the development of the tribe. Many schemes of development were formulated and implemented.

#1.Schemes of Tribal Development

Several Schemes of tribal development are still active through several five-year plans in India. Attempts have been made to make the scheduled tribes develop socially, educationally economically Politically, and Culturally.https://www.schetna.com/2020/07/tribal-area-development-upsc-7022.html

In the year plans, for the welfare of the schedule tribal aim at :

•  Rehabilitation of the bonded labor

•  Education and training programs

•  Raising the productivity levels in agriculture, Animal       Husbandry.

•  Forestry Cottage and small scale industries etc. to improve the economic conditions.

•  Special development programs for women and children.

#2.Tribal Population 

There are approximately two hundred million tribal people in the entire globe, which constitute, about 14% of the global population. They are found in any region of the world and the majority of them are the poorest among est poor. There are 533 tribes as per notified schedule under article 342 of the constitution of India in different states and union territories of the country with the largest number of 62 being in the state of Orissa.

Thus, the sub-tribes and state tribes are taken into consideration the number will be many. About 50% of the tribe's population of the country is concentrated in the states of Madhya Pradesh, Chhatisgarh, Jharkhand, Bihar, and Orissa. Besides, there is a sizeable tribal population in Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh, and West Bengal according to 2011 cents The Population of Scheduled Tribes in the country was 104.3 million, consisting about 8.61% of the total India population. The population of Schedule tribes has been found increasing after 1951.

Indian Tribal and their states' sub-tribe

• Jharkhand                           -        Santhal Munda, Birhor,                                                             
• Tripura                                -        Tripuri, Riyang, etc,.
• Assam                                 -        Jayantiya, Garo, Rabha etc,.
• Mizoram                             -        Lakhar, Pawi, Mizo etc,.
• Orissa                                  -        Oraon, Ho, Kol, Kharia,          
• Gujarat                                 -        Koli, Bhil, etc.,
• Manipur                               -        Meyati, Kubi etc,.
• Uttrakhand                           -       Tharu, Kaij, Mara, Nitibhot.
• Chhatisgarh                          -       Kol, Munda, Gond, etc,.                                                            
• Andra Pradesh                      -       Sawara, Gadwa, Kodya, etc.,
• Meghalaya                            -       Mikir, Khasi, Garo etc.,
• Maharashtra                          -       Koli, Banjara, etc.,
• Jammy and Kashmir             -       Bhakhaarwal etc,.
• Nagaland                               -       Naga, Nabui, Naga, etc.,
• Rajasthan                              -       Girrisia, Koli, etc.,

• Tamilnadu                             -       Kota, tod, todkota etc.,
• Himachal Pradesh                 -       Kanaura, Gaddi, etc

#3.Statement of the problem of tribal and People
Tribal development planning is being implemented along with five years of plans under the control of the government of India. But India tribes are facing some unsolved problems. The present paper is a new attempt to focus on the efforts of five years of plans and unsolved problems and their status after the 66 years of independence of India. Tribal people facing economic problems unprofitable agriculture, education, problem, health and sanitation, lack of paper drinking water, literacy, inadequate, medical facilities are some major problems.

1. Unprofitable by five years of the government plan.
2. Rural people do not know about the government plan.

#4.Summary

Tribal development efforts in India were established during the British rule throughout history. The government some schemes programs has developed for tribal development:

1. Community development (CDP)

2. Multipurpose Tribal Block (MTBs)

3. Tribal development block development Agencies ( TDBDAs)

4. Primitive Tribal Groups (PTG)

5. Modified area Development Approach (MADA)

6. Tribal sub-plan (TSP)

7.Dispersed Tribal Development Programme (DTDP)

8.Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS)